Prevalence of Cultism Among Public Secondary School Students in Uyo, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria

Abstract

This study examines the prevalence, causes, and consequences of cultism among public secondary school students in Uyo, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria, through the lens of social learning theory. The study employs a descriptive survey design, with data gathered from 110 teachers via structured questionnaires. The aim was to explore their perceptions of how students' behaviors are influenced by peer pressure, personal security concerns, and the search for social identity, as posited by social learning theory. Key research questions focused on identifying the extent of cultism, its root causes, and the impact on students’ academic performance as observed by these teachers. The analysis utilized frequency distributions, percentages, and mean rankings to assess cult-related activities and their educational implications. The results indicate a high prevalence of cultism, with 93.7% of respondents reporting a high prevalence of cultism among students. Peer group pressure and personal security concerns (7.7% each) were identified by respondents as primary causes of student involvement. The study further highlights severe consequences, including frequent school disruptions, declining academic performance, and parental reluctance to enroll children in affected schools, which has resulted in decreased student attendance and resource allocation. These findings reveal a pressing need for comprehensive, theory-driven interventions to combat cultism and foster a safer, more conducive educational environment in Uyo. The study recommends a multi-pronged approach involving school administrators, parents, law enforcement, and community organizations.